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1.
Clinics ; 78: 100278, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520689

ABSTRACT

Abstract Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) followed by a colonoscopy is an efficacious strategy to improve the adenoma detection rate and Colorectal Cancer (CRC). There is no organized national screening program for CRC in Brazil. The aim of this research was to describe the implementation of an organized screening program for CRC through FIT followed by colonoscopy, in an urban low-income community of São Paulo city. The endpoints of the study were: FIT participation rate, FIT positivity rate, colonoscopy compliance rate, Positive Predictive Values (PPV) for adenoma and CRC, and the rate of complications. From May 2016 to October 2019, asymptomatic individuals, 50-75 years old, received a free kit to perform the FIT. Positive FIT (≥ 50 ng/mL) individuals were referred to colonoscopy. 10,057 individuals returned the stool sample for analysis, of which (98.2%) 9,881 were valid. Women represented 64.8% of the participants. 55.3% of individuals did not complete elementary school. Positive FIT was 7.8% (776/9881). The colonoscopy compliance rate was 68.9% (535/776). There were no major colonoscopy complications. Adenoma were detected in 63.2% (332/525) of individuals. Advanced adenomatous lesions were found in 31.4% (165/525). CRC was diagnosed in 5.9% (31/525), characterized as adenocarcinoma: in situ in 3.2% (1/31), intramucosal in 29% (9/31), and invasive in 67.7% (21/31). Endoscopic treatment with curative intent for CRC was performed in 45.2% (14/31) of the cases. Therefore, in an urban low-income community, an organized CRC screening using FIT followed by colonoscopy ensued a high participation rate, and high predictive positive value for both, adenoma and CRC.

2.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 57(3): 316-322, July-Sept. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131664

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Rectal bleeding is the most important symptom of intestinal neoplasia; thus, tests of occult blood detection in stools are widely used for pre neoplastic lesions and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the accuracy of OC-Sensor quantitative test (Eiken Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) at cut-off 10 µg Hb/g feces (50 ng/mL) in a cohort of subjects that had to undergo diagnostic colonoscopy, and if more than one sample collected in consecutive days would improve the diagnostic accuracy of the test. METHODS: Patients (mean age 56.3±9.7 years) that underwent colonoscopy prospectively randomly received one (1-sample FIT, FIT 1) or two (2-sample FIT, FIT 2) collection tubes. They collected the stool sample before starting colonoscopy preparation. Samples were analyzed by the OC-Auto Micro 80 (Eiken Chemical, Tokyo, Japan). The performance of FIT 1 and FIT 2 were compared to the colonoscopy findings. RESULTS: Among 289 patients, CRC was diagnosed in 14 (4.8%), advanced adenoma in 37 (12.8%), early adenoma in 71 (24.6%) and no abnormalities in 141 (48.8%). For FIT 1, the sensitivity for CRC was 83.3% (95%CI 36.5-99.1%), for advanced adenoma was 24% (95%CI 10.1-45.5%), with specificity of 86.9% (95%CI 77.3-92.9%). For FIT 2, the sensitivity for CRC was 75% (95%CI 35.6-95.5%), for advanced adenoma was 50% (95%CI 22.3-77.7%), with specificity of 92.9% (95%CI 82.2-97.7%). The positive likelihood ratios were 1.8 (95%CI 0.7-4.4 for FIT 1) and 7.1 (95%CI 2.4-21.4 for FIT 2) for advanced adenoma, and 6.4 (95%CI 3.3-12.3, for FIT 1) and 10.7 (95%CI 3.8-29.8, for FIT 2) for CRC. The negative likelihood ratio were 0.9 (95%CI 0.7-1, for FIT 1) and 0.5 (95%CI 0.3-0.9, for FIT 2) for advanced adenoma, and 0.2 (0.03-1.1, for FIT 1) and 0.3 (0.08-0.9, for FIT 2) for CRC. The differences between FIT 1 and FIT 2 performances were not significant. However, the comparison of the levels of hemoglobin in feces of patients of FIT 1 and FIT 2 showed that the differences between no polyp group and advanced adenoma and CRC were significant. CONCLUSION: The accuracy of OCR Sensor with 10 µg Hb/g feces cut-off was comparable to other reports and two-sample collection improved the detection rate of advanced adenoma, a pre neoplastic condition to prevent CRC incidence.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: Sangramento retal é o sintoma mais importante de neoplasia intestinal; portanto, testes para detecção de sangue oculto nas fezes são amplamente usados para rastreamento de lesões pré-neoplásicas e de câncer colorretal (CCR). OBJETIVO: Avaliar a acurácia do teste quantitativo OC-Sensor (Eiken Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) com o valor de corte de 10 µg Hb/g fezes (50 ng/mL) numa coorte de indivíduos que se submeteram à colonoscopia diagnóstica, e se mais de uma amostra coletada em dias consecutivos melhoraria a acurácia diagnóstica do teste. MÉTODOS: Pacientes (idade média 56,3±9,7 anos) que se submeteram à colonoscopia prospectivamente, randomicamente, receberam tubos de coleta: um (1-amostra FIT, FIT 1), ou dois (2-amostra FIT, FIT 2). Eles coletaram as amostras de fezes antes de iniciar o preparo da colonoscopia. As amostras foram analisadas pelo OC-Auto Micro 80 (Eiken Chemical, Tokyo, Japan). As performances do FIT 1 e do FIT 2 foram comparadas com os achados da colonoscopia. RESULTADOS: Entre 289 pacientes, CCR foi diagnosticado em 14 (4,8%), adenoma avançado em 37 (12,8%), adenoma precoce em 71 (24,6%) e sem anormalidades em 141 (48,8%). Para FIT 1, a sensibilidade para CCR foi 83,3% (95%IC 36,5-99,1%), para adenoma avançado foi 24% (95%IC 10,1-45,5%), com especificidade de 86,9% (95%IC 77,3-92,9%). Para FIT 2, a sensibilidade para CCR foi 75% (95%IC 35,6-95,5%), para adenoma avançado foi 50% (95%IC 22,3-77,7%), com especificidade de 92,9% (95%IC 82,2-97,7%). A razão de verossimilhança positiva foi 1,8 (95%IC 0,7-4,4 para FIT 1) e 7,1 (95%IC 2,4-21,4 para FIT 2) para adenoma avançado, e 6,4 (95%IC 3,3-12,3, para FIT 1) e 10,7 (95%IC 3,8-29,8, para FIT 2) para CCR. A razão de verossimilhança negativa foi 0,9 (95%IC 0,7-1, para FIT 1) e 0,5 (95%IC 0,3-0,9, para FIT 2) para adenoma avançado, e 0,2 (0,03-1,1, para FIT 1) e 0,3 (0,08-0,9, para FIT 2) para CCR. As diferenças de performance entre FIT 1 e FIT 2 não foram significantes. Entretanto, a comparação dos níveis de hemoglobina nas fezes dos pacientes de FIT 1 e FIT 2 mostraram que as diferenças entre sem pólipo e adenoma avançado e CCR foram significantes. CONCLUSÃO: A acurácia do OCR Sensor com valor de corte de 10 µg Hb/g de fezes foi comparável a outras publicações e a coleta de duas amostras melhorou a taxa de detecção de adenoma avançado, lesão pré-neoplásica, para prevenir CCR.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adenoma , Colonoscopy , Early Detection of Cancer , Feces , Middle Aged , Occult Blood
3.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 57(2): 154-160, Apr.-June 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131649

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that the combination of gastrin-17 (G-17), pepsinogens I and II (PGI and PGII), and anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antibodies (GastroPanel®, BIOHIT HealthCare, Helsinki, Finland) could serve as biomarkers of atrophic gastritis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to ensure the diagnostic accuracy of GastroPanel® and evaluate the effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on these biomarkers. METHODS: Dyspeptic patients who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled in the present study. Histological findings, which were the gold standard to stratify groups, were as follows: no atrophy (controls); antrum atrophy; corpus atrophy; multifocal atrophy; and neoplasia. G-17, PGI, PGII, and anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies were assayed using commercially available kits. The ratio of PGI/PGII was calculated. RESULTS: Among 308 patients, 159 (51.6%) were PPI users. The overall prevalence of atrophy was 43.8% (n=135). Ninety-two (29.9%) patients were H. pylori positive according to anti-H. pylori IgG levels. G-17 levels were not low in those with antrum atrophy but were high in those with corpus and multifocal atrophies. PGI levels were significantly lower in those with corpus and multifocal atrophies. The sensitivity of PGI <30 µg/L to detect corpus atrophy was 50% (95% CI 27.8-72.1%), with a specificity of 93.2% (95% CI 84.3-97.5%), a positive likelihood ratio of 7.4 (95% CI 2.9-19.2), and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.5 (95% CI 0.3-0.8). A small number of subjects (n=6) exhibited moderate to intense atrophy (4%), among whom 66.7% exhibited decreased PGI levels. PPI significantly increased the levels of G-17 and PGI, except in those with corpus and multifocal atrophies, in whom PGI levels were not increased by PPIs. CONCLUSION: GastroPanel® (Gastrin-17, PGI, and PGI/PGII ratio) did not demonstrate high sensitivity for detecting gastric atrophy.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: Foi proposto que a combinação de gastrina 17 (G-17), pepsinogênios I e II (PGI e PGII), e anticorpos anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) (GastroPanel®, BIOHIT HealthCare), poderiam indicar gastrite atrófica. OBJETIVO: Portanto, o objetivo foi averiguar a acurácia diagnóstica do painel gástrico e avaliar o efeito dos inibidores de bomba de prótons (IBP) nesses marcadores. MÉTODOS: Pacientes dispépticos que se submeteram à endoscopia gastrointestinal entraram no estudo. Os achados histológicos foram o padrão ouro para estratificar os grupos: sem atrofia (controles), atrofia de antro, atrofia de corpo, atrofia multifocal e neoplasia. G-17, PGI, PGII, e anticorpos IgG anti-H. pylori foram determinados por kits comerciais. A razão PGI/PGII foi calculada. RESULTADOS: Entre 308 pacientes que foram incluídos, 159 estavam usando IBP (51,6%). A prevalência de atrofia foi de 43,8% (135 pacientes). H. pylori foi positivo em 92 (29,9%) pacientes por IgG anti-H. pylori. G-17 não estava diminuída na atrofia do antro, mas estava elevada nas atrofias do corpo e multifocal. PGI estava significantemente menor nas atrofias de corpo e multifocal. A sensibilidade da PGI <30 µg/L de indicar atrofia do corpo foi 50% (95%IC 27,8-72,1%) com especificidade de 93,2% (95%IC 84,3-97,5%), razão de verossimilhança positiva de 7,4 (95%IC 2,9-19,2) e razão de verossimilhança negativa de 0,5 (95%IC 0,3-0,8). O número de indivíduos com atrofia moderada para intensa foi pequeno (n=6;4%), dos quais 66,7% tinham diminuição dos níveis de PGI. IBP significantemente aumentou os níveis de G-17 e PGI, exceto nas atrofias de corpo e multifocal que não apresentaram aumento de PGI. CONCLUSÃO: O painel gástrico não teve alta sensibilidade de indicar gastrite atrófica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Proton Pump Inhibitors , Gastritis, Atrophic/diagnosis , Brazil , Helicobacter pylori , Helicobacter Infections , Antibodies, Bacterial
5.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 55(2): 128-132, Apr.-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950517

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Colorectal bleeding is a warning sign that may be identified by fecal occult blood testing. A positive fecal occult blood test result requires a subsequent colonoscopy, a costly and invasive examination. Therefore, the use of diagnostic tests with optimal sensitivity and specificity is warranted. In this study, we evaluated four different fecal occult blood tests in 176 patients undergoing colonoscopy and compared their results. OBJECTIVE: To assess the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of chemical and immunochemical fecal occult blood tests in patients undergoing colonoscopy and to evaluate the degree of concordance between the tests and colonoscopy. METHODS: Patients with indications for colonoscopy also underwent fecal occult blood testing by chemical (toluidine test) and immunochemical methods, employing three commercially available kits. Based on the endoscopic findings, the colonoscopy was rated as positive or negative for colorectal bleeding. The degree of concordance between the fecal occult blood tests and the colonoscopy was evaluated by the kappa index. RESULTS: Forty-four (25%) colonoscopies were categorized as positive for colorectal bleeding. The toluidine test presented lower concordance than the immunochemical tests, which showed moderate concordance with the colonoscopy. The toluidine test had the least sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. CONCLUSION: The immunochemical fecal occult blood tests showed greater sensitivity, specificity and predictive values in detecting colorectal bleeding. The immunochemical tests had superior indexes of agreement with colonoscopy compared to the toluidine test.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: O sangramento colorretal é considerado um sinal de alarme e não deve ser ignorado. O resultado positivo de um teste de pesquisa de sangue oculto nas fezes (PSOF) requer investigação complementar com colonoscopia, exame invasivo e de alto custo. Justifica-se, portanto, a aplicação de um teste diagnóstico mais sensível e específico. No presente estudo, foram avaliados quatro diferentes testes de PSOF em 176 pacientes submetidos à colonoscopia e seus resultados foram comparados. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a sensibilidade, a especificidade e os valores de predição dos testes químico e imunoquímico de PSOF em pacientes submetidos à colonoscopia e avaliar o grau de concordância entre os testes de PSOF e a colonoscopia. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com indicação de realizar colonoscopia foram submetidos também à PSOF pelo método químico (o-toluidina) e pelo método imunoquímico, empregando três kits comerciais disponíveis no mercado. Fundamentado nos achados endoscópicos, a colonoscopia foi categorizada em positiva ou negativa, de acordo com a possível fonte de sangramento colorretal. O grau de concordância entre os testes de PSOF foi avaliado pelo índice kappa. RESULTADOS: Quarenta e quatro (25%) colonoscopias foram categorizadas como positivas quanto à fonte de sangramento colorretal. O teste da o-toluidina mostrou menor concordância que os testes imunoquímicos, os quais apresentaram moderada concordância com a colonoscopia. O teste da o-toluidina revelou menor sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo e valor preditivo negativo. CONCLUSÃO: Os testes imunoquímicos revelaram maior sensibilidade, especificidade e valores de predição na detecção de sangramento colorretal. Os testes imunoquímicos apresentaram melhores índices de concordância com a colonoscopia, quando comparados ao teste da o-toluidina.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Toluidines/analysis , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Colonoscopy/standards , Feces/chemistry , Occult Blood , Immunohistochemistry , Mass Screening , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Early Detection of Cancer , Middle Aged
6.
Clinics ; 70(5): 318-321, 05/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-748280

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The eradication of Helicobacter (H.) pylori allows peptic ulcers in patients infected with the bacteria to be cured. Treatment with the classic triple regimen (proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin and clarithromycin) has shown decreased efficacy due to increased bacterial resistance to clarithromycin. In our country, the eradication rate by intention to treat with this regimen is 83%. In Brazil, a commercially available regimen for bacterial eradication that uses levofloxacin and amoxicillin with lansoprazole is available; however, its efficacy is not known. Considering that such a treatment may be an alternative to the classic regimen, we aimed to verify its efficacy in H. pylori eradication. METHODS: Patients with peptic ulcer disease infected with H. pylori who had not received prior treatment were treated with the following regimen: 30 mg lansoprazole bid, 1,000 mg amoxicillin bid and 500 mg levofloxacin, once a day for 7 days. RESULTS: A total of 66 patients were evaluated. The patients’ mean age was 52 years, and women comprised 55% of the sample. Duodenal ulcers were present in 50% of cases, and gastric ulcers were present in 30%. The eradication rate was 74% per protocol and 73% by intention to treat. Adverse effects were reported by 49 patients (74%) and were mild to moderate, with a prevalence of diarrhea complaints. CONCLUSIONS: Triple therapy comprising lansoprazole, amoxicillin and levofloxacin for 7 days for the eradication of H. pylori in Brazilian peptic ulcer patients showed a lower efficacy than that of the classic triple regimen. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Immobilization/instrumentation , Immobilization/veterinary , Multimodal Imaging/veterinary , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Positron-Emission Tomography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Immobilization/methods , Mice, Nude , Multimodal Imaging/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Sodium Radioisotopes
7.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 51(4): 297-301, Oct-Dec/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732200

ABSTRACT

Context Fecal elastase is a noninvasive test for pancreatic insufficiency diagnosis. Objectives Evaluate the usefulness of fecal elastase 1 for the indication of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency among former alcohol addicts and patients with chronic pancreatitis. Methods Forty-three patients with chronic pancreatitis and thirty-three asymptomatic former alcohol addicts entered the study. The levels of fecal elastase 1 were measured using a commercial kit. Pancreatic imaging findings were used to categorize the groups. Results The levels of fecal elastase 1 were significantly lower in the patients than in the former alcohol addicts and in the group with tissue calcifications, duct alterations, or atrophy. With a cutoff level of 100 μg/g, the sensitivity of fecal elastase 1 in chronic pancreatitis was 46.51% and its specificity was 87.88% with a positive predictive value of 83.33% and a negative predictive value of 55.77%. When patients were stratified according to the severity of their pancreatitis, the sensitivity was 6.25% for mild pancreatitis and 70.37% for marked pancreatitis. Conclusion Low level of fecal elastase 1 was associated with marked rather than mild chronic pancreatitis; however, it may be useful to indicate pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in asymptomatic former alcohol addicts. .


Contexto O teste de elastase fecal é um teste não invasivo para diagnosticar insuficiência pancreática. Objetivos Avaliar a utilidade da elastase fecal 1 como indicador de insuficiência pancreática entre ex alcoólatras e pacientes com pancreatite crônica. Métodos Quarenta e três pacientes com pancreatite crônica e 33 ex alcoólatras assintomáticos entraram no estudo. Os níveis de elastase fecal 1 foram medidos usando kit comercial. Os achados de imagem pancreática foram usados para categorizar os grupos. Resultados Os níveis de elastase fecal 1 foram significantemente menores nos pacientes que nos ex alcoólatras e no grupo com calcificações teciduais, alterações de ductos, ou atrofia. A sensibilidade da elastase fecal 1 na pancreatite crônica foi de 46,51% e a especificidade foi de 87,88%, com valor preditivo positivo de 83,33% e valor preditivo negativo de 55,77%. Quando os pacientes foram estratificados segundo a severidade da pancreatite, a sensibilidade foi de 6,25% para pancreatite crônica leve e 70,37% para pancreatite crônica severa. Conclusão Baixo nível de elastase fecal foi associado com pancreatite crônica severa mais do que com a leve; entretanto, pode ser útil para indicar insuficiência pancreática exócrina entre os ex alcoólatras. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alcoholism/complications , Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency/diagnosis , Feces/chemistry , Pancreatic Elastase/analysis , Pancreatitis, Chronic/complications , Biomarkers/analysis , Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency/enzymology , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Severity of Illness Index
8.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 50(3): 210-214, May-Jun/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-715619

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to compare the colorimetric "kit" and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods to quantify urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid through the Goldenberg's technique, exploring the potential of replacing it. 24-hour urine samples were tested by Goldenberg's assay and compared with kits. The agreement was almost perfect for the comparison of Goldenberg's assay with both colorimetric kit, and with ELISA kit, considering ≤ 7.5 mg/24h normal cutoff value. Therefore, both "kits" would be good alternatives to Goldenberg's technique due to practicality and agreement between values...


O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar métodos por kit colorimétrico e por ensaio imunossorvente ligado à enzima (ELISA) para quantificar o ácido 5-hidroxi-indolacético urinário com a técnica de Goldenberg, explorando o potencial de substituí-la. Amostras de urina de 24 horas foram testadas pela técnica de Goldenberg e com os kits. A concordância foi quase perfeita, tanto para a comparação do ensaio de Goldenberg com o kit colorimétrico quanto para com o kit ELISA, considerando normal o valor de corte de ≤ 7.5 mg/24h. Portanto, ambos os kits seriam boa alternativa para a técnica de Goldenberg devido à praticidade e à concordância entre os valores...


Subject(s)
Humans , Colorimetry/methods , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/standards , Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid , Serotonin/urine , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures/standards , Carcinoid Tumor/diagnosis
9.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 51(2): 133-138, Apr-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-713581

ABSTRACT

Context One of the limitations of 13C-urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori infection diagnosis in Brazil is the substrate acquisition in capsule presentation. Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate a capsule-based 13C-urea, manipulated by the Pharmacy Division, for the clinical practice. Methods Fifty patients underwent the conventional and the capsule breath test. Samples were collected at the baseline and after 10, 20 and 30 minutes of 13C-urea ingestion. Urease and histology were used as gold standard in 83 patients. Results In a total of 50 patients, 17 were positive with the conventional 13C-urea (75 mg) breath test at 10, 20 and 30 minutes. When these patients repeated breath test with capsule (50 mg), 17 were positive at 20 minutes and 15 at 10 and 30 minutes. The relative sensitivity of 13C-urea with capsule was 100% at 20 minutes and 88.24% at 10 and at 30 minutes. The relative specificity was 100% at all time intervals. Among 83 patients that underwent capsule breath test and endoscopy the capsule breath test presented 100% of sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions Capsule based breath test with 50 mg 13C-urea at twenty minutes was found highly sensitive and specific for the clinical setting. HEADINGS- Helicobacter pylori. Breath Test. Urea, analysis. .


Contexto Uma das limitações para o teste respiratório com 13C-uréia ser incorporado na prática clínica no Brasil para diagnóstico de infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) é a aquisição do substrato em apresentação de cápsula. Objetivos O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a utilidade de 13C-uréia em cápsula, manipulada pela Divisão de Farmácia de um Hospital terciário para a prática clínica. Métodos Cinquenta pacientes foram submetidos ao teste respiratório convencional com 75mg de 13C-uréia e ao teste com cápsula de 50 mg de 13C-uréia. Amostras de ar expirado foram coletadas no basal e após 10, 20 e 30 minutos da ingestão de 13C-uréia para definição do melhor tempo de coleta. A urease e a histologia foram usadas como padrão ouro em 83 pacientes que se submeteram ao teste respiratório com único ponto de coleta. Resultados Num total de 50 pacientes, 17 foram positivos com teste respiratório convencional com 75 mg de 13C-uréia aos 10, 20 e 30 minutos. Quando esses pacientes repetiram o teste respiratório com 13C-uréia em cápsulas de 50 mg, 17 foram positivos aos 20 minutos (Índice Kappa 1,0; P<0,05) e 15 aos 10 e 30 minutos (Índice Kappa 0,90; P<0,05). A sensibilidade relativa da 13C-uréia em cápsulas de 50 mg foi 100% aos 20 minutos e 88,24% aos 10 e 30 minutos. A especificidade relativa foi de 100% em todos os intervalos de tempo. Entre 83 pacientes que se submeteram ao teste respiratório com cápsula e endoscopia, aqueles que eram H. pylori positivos tiveram teste respiratório positivo e aqueles H. pylori negativo tiveram teste respiratório negativo, mostrando sensibilidade e especificidade de 100%. Conclusões O teste respiratório com cápsula de 50 mg de 13C-uréia ...


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Breath Tests/methods , Helicobacter pylori , Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis , Stomach Diseases/microbiology , Urea , Urease , Capsules , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Sensitivity and Specificity , Stomach Diseases/diagnosis
10.
Acta cir. bras ; 28(supl.1): 77-82, 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-663897

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To analyze the usefulness of Quick Lactose Intolerance Test in relation to the genetic test based on LCT-13910C>T genotypes, previously validated for clinical practice, for primary hypolactasia/lactase-persistence diagnosis. METHODS: Thirty-two dyspeptic patients that underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy entered the study. Two postbulbar duodenal biopsies were taken for the Quick test, and gastric antral biopsy for DNA extraction and LCT-13910C>T polymorphism analysis. DNA was also extracted from biopsies after being used in the Quick Test that was kept frozen until extraction. RESULTS: Nine patients with lactase-persistence genotype (LCT-13910CT or LCT-13910TT) had normolactasia, eleven patients with hypolactasia genotype (LCT-13910CC) had severe hypolactasia, and among twelve with mild hypolactasia, except for one that had LCT-13910CT genotype, all the others had hypolactasia genotype. The agreement between genetic test and quick test was high (p<0.0001; Kappa Index 0.92). Most of the patients that reported symptoms with lactose-containing food ingestion had severe hypolactasia (p<0.05). Amplification with good quality PCR product was also obtained with DNA extracted from biopsies previously used in the Quick Test; thus, for the future studies antral gastric biopsies for genetic test would be unnecessary. CONCLUSION: Quick test is highly sensitive and specific for hypolactasia diagnosis and indicated those patients with symptoms of lactose intolerance.


OBJETIVO: Analisar a aplicabilidade do Teste Quick de Intolerância à Lactose em relação ao teste genético baseado nos genótipos LCT-13910C>T, previamente validado para a prática clínica, para diagnóstico de má digestão primária de lactose/digestão de lactose. MÉTODOS: Trinta e dois pacientes dispépticos submetidos à endoscopia digestiva entraram no estudo. Duas biópsias duodenais pós-bulbares foram empregadas no Teste Quick, e biópsia do antro gástrico para extração de DNA e análise do polimorfismo LCT-13910C>T. DNA também foi extraído de biópsias depois de terem sido usadas no teste Quick, e conservadas congeladas. RESULTADOS: Nove pacientes com genótipo de lactase persistente (LCT-13910CT ou LCT-13910TT) tinham normolactasia, onze pacientes com genótipo de hipolactasia (LCT-13910CC) tinham hipolactasia severa, e entre doze com hipolactasia leve, com exceção de uma que tinha genótipo LCT-13910CT, todos os demais tinham genótipo de hipolactasia. A concordância entre o teste genético e o Quick Teste foi alta (p<0,0001; Índice Kappa=0,92). A maioria dos pacientes que relataram sintomas com ingestão de alimentos com lactose tinham hipolactasia severa (p<0,05). Amplificação com produto de PCR foi obtido com DNA extraído das biópsias usadas no teste Quick; portanto, nos trabalhos futuros seria desnecessário coletar biópsia do antro gástrico para o teste genético. CONCLUSÃO: O Teste Quick é altamente sensível e específico para diagnóstico de hipolactasia e indicou aqueles pacientes com sintomas de intolerância à lactose.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Genetic Testing , Lactose Intolerance/diagnosis , Lactose Tolerance Test/methods , Biopsy , Duodenum/pathology , Dyspepsia/pathology , Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal , Genotype , Lactase/deficiency , Lactose Intolerance/genetics , Lactose/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Prothrombin Time , Retrospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
11.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 48(3): 171-174, July-Sept. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-599648

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: In spite of Helicobacter pylori infection being the etiological cause of peptic ulcer and its high prevalence in Brazil, the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease has been poorly studied. OBJECTIVES: To verify the peptic ulcer disease prevalence in patients of a tertiary care hospital. METHODS: Diagnostic findings from 1,478 consecutive endoscopies were correlated with the urease test results for H. pylori infection diagnosis and demographic data in a total of 3,779 endoscopies performed in 2005. The mean age of the patients was 51.14 ± 16.46, being 613 (41.5 percent) men. RESULTS: Peptic ulcer was diagnosed in 494 (33.4 percent) patients with a mean age of 54.86 ± 14.53, 205 (52 percent) were men, being 391 (26.5 percent) duodenal ulcer and 103 (7 percent) gastric ulcer. Normal endoscopy was found in 272 (18.4 percent) patients with a mean age of 38.4 ± 15.22, being 49 (18 percent) men. The comparison of peptic ulcer group with the patients that had normal endoscopy revealed that H. pylori infection [P = 0.005; OR = 1.70; 95 percent CI = 1.17-2.47][ign], male gender [P<0.0001; OR = 5.53; 95 percentCI = 3.67-8.34][ign] and older age [P<0.0001; OR = 1.08; 95 percentCI = 1.06-1.09] increased the risk of peptic ulcers. The overall H. pylori prevalence was 53 percent (786). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of duodenal ulcer is high in a Brazilian population that had H. pylori infection associated with older age and male gender as important determinants to gastrointestinal diseases outcome. Future prospective studies should confirm these findings.


CONTEXTO: Apesar da infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori ser causa de úlcera péptica e de sua alta prevalência no Brasil, a prevalência da úlcera péptica tem sido pouco estudada. OBJETIVOS: Verificar a prevalência da doença ulcerosa péptica em pacientes de um hospital terciário. MÉTODOS: Achados diagnósticos de 1.478 endoscopias consecutivas foram correlacionados com os resultados de testes de urease para diagnóstico de infecção pelo H. pylori e dados demográficos num total de 3.779 endoscopias realizadas em 2005. A média de idade dos pacientes foi 51,14 ± 16,46, sendo 613 (41,5 por cento) homens. RESULTADOS: A úlcera péptica foi diagnosticada em 494 (33,4 por cento) pacientes com média de idade de 54,86 ± 14,53, 205 (52 por cento) eram homens, sendo 391 (26,5 por cento) úlceras duodenais e 103 (7 por cento) úlceras gástricas. Endoscopia normal foi achada em 272 (18,4 por cento) pacientes com média de idade de 38,4 ± 15,22, sendo 49 (18 por cento) homens. A comparação do grupo de úlcera péptica com os pacientes que tinham endoscopia normal revelou que a infecção pelo H. pylori [P = 0,005; OR = 1,70; 95 por cento CI = 1,17-2,47][ign], gênero masculino [P<0,0001; OR = 5,53; 95 por cento CI = 3,67-8,34][ign] e idade mais avançada [P<0,0001; OR = 1,08; 95 por cento CI = 1,06-1,09] aumentaram o risco de úlceras pépticas. A prevalência de infecção pelo H. pylori no total foi de 53 por cento (786). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência da úlcera duodenal é alta numa população brasileira de um hospital terciário que teve a infecção pelo H. pylori, idade avançada e gênero masculino como determinantes importantes de evolução para doença gastrointestinal. Estudos futuros prospectivos devem confirmar esses achados.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Duodenal Ulcer/epidemiology , Helicobacter pylori , Helicobacter Infections/epidemiology , Age Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Duodenal Ulcer/microbiology , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Helicobacter Infections/complications , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
12.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 52(3): 125-128, May-June 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-550350

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to validate the rapid lateral flow Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test (One step H. pylori antigen test, ACON laboratories, San Diego, USA; Prime diagnostics, São Paulo), using 13C-Urea Breath Test as the gold standard for H. pylori infection diagnosis. A total of 98 consecutive patients, asymptomatic or dyspeptic, entered the study. Sixty-nine were women, with a mean age of 45.76 ± 14.59 years (14 to 79 years). In the H. pylori-positive group, the rapid stool antigen test detected H. pylori antigen in 44 of the 50 positive patients (sensitivity 88 percent; 95 percent CI: 75.7-95.5 percent), and six false-negative; and in the H. pylori-negative group 42 presented negative results (specificity 87.5 percent; 95 percent CI: 74.7-95.3 percent), and six false-positive, showing a substantial agreement (Kappa Index = 0.75; p < 0.0001; 95 percent CI: 0.6-0.9). Forty four of fifty patients that had positive stool antigen were H. pylori-positive, the PPV of the stool antigen test was 88 percent (95 percent CI: 75.7-95.5 percent), and 42 patients with negative stool antigen test were H. pylori-negative, the NPV of the stool antigen test was 87.5 percent (95 percent CI: 74.7-95.3 percent). We conclude that the lateral flow stool antigen test can be used as an alternative to breath test for H. pylori infection diagnosis especially in developing countries.


O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o teste rápido de antígeno de H. pylori nas fezes (One step H. pylori antigen test, ACON laboratories, San Diego, USA; Prime diagnostics, São Paulo), usando teste respiratório com uréia marcada com 13C (TRU-13C), como padrão ouro. Noventa e oito pacientes assintomáticos ou com dispepsia participaram do estudo. Sessenta e nove eram mulheres; a média de idade dos pacientes foi de 45.76 ± 14.59 (14 a 79 anos). No grupo H. pylori positivo, o teste rápido detectou antígenos de H. pylori nas fezes em 44 dos 50 pacientes positivos (sensibilidade de 88 por cento; 95 por cento IC: 75.7-95.5 por cento), com seis falso-negativos; e no grupo H. pylori negativo, 42 apresentaram resultados negativos (especificidade de 87,5 por cento; 95 por cento IC: 74.7-95.3 por cento), com seis falso-positivos, mostrando concordância substancial (índice Kappa = 0.75; p < 0.0001; 95 por cento IC: 0.6-0.9). Quarenta e quatro dos 50 que tiveram teste de antígeno fecal positivo eram H. pylori positivos, sendo o VPP do teste 88 por cento (95 por cento IC: 75.7-95.5 por cento), e 42 pacientes com teste de antígeno fecal negativo eram H. pylori negativos, com VPN de 87,5 por cento (95 por cento IC: 74.7-95.3 por cento). Concluímos que o teste de antígeno fecal imunocromatográfico pode ser usado como alternativa ao teste respiratório para diagnóstico de infecção pelo H. pylori, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antigens, Bacterial/analysis , Feces/chemistry , Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis , Helicobacter pylori/immunology , Feces/microbiology , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Young Adult
14.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 56(2): 230-236, 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-546945

ABSTRACT

Na maioria dos mamíferos a atividade da enzima lactase diminui na parede intestinal após o desmame, caracterizando a hipolactasia primária que provoca sintomas de intolerância à lactose. A intensidade dos sintomas de distensão, flatulência, dor abdominal e diarreia variam, dependendo da quantidade de lactose ingerida, e aumentam com o passar da idade. A hipolactasia é determinada geneticamente, porém uma mutação ocorreu para que fizesse parte da humanidade tolerar o leite na idade adulta. O diagnóstico é feito por teste de tolerância, empregando a lactose como desafio. Com a descoberta dos finlandeses do polimorfismo associado com a persistência da lactase, principalmente no norte da Europa, o exame genético passou a ser outra ferramenta diagnóstica mais confortável para o intolerante. No Brasil, 43 por cento dos brancos e dos mulatos têm alelo de persistência da lactase, sendo a hipolactasia mais frequente entre os negros e japoneses. Entretanto, na prática clínica indivíduos com hipolactasia podem ser orientados a consumir alguns derivados do leite e alimentos contendo lactose sem apresentar sintomas de intolerância, enquanto que outros terão que fazer restrição de lactose na dieta.


In most mammals, lactase activity declines on the intestinal wall after weaning, characterizing primary hypolactasia that provokes symptoms of lactose intolerance. The intensity of symptoms of distention, flatulence, abdominal pain and diarrhea varies, according to the amount of ingested lactose, and increases with age. Hypolactasia is genetically determined; nonetheless, a mutation occurred that had made a part of mankind tolerate milk in adulthood. Diagnosis is made by a tolerance test, using the lactose challenge. With the discovery made by the Finns of polymorphism associated with lactase persistence, mainly, in Northern Europe, the genetic test was incorporated as a more comfortable diagnostic tool for the intolerant. In Brazil, 43 percent of Caucasian and Mulatto groups have lactase persistence allele, with hipolactasia more frequently found among Blacks and Japanese. However, in clinical practice people with hypolactasia may be advised to consume certain dairy products and food containing lactose without developing intolerance symptoms, whereas others will need a lactose restriction diet.


Subject(s)
Humans , Lactose Intolerance , Lactose Tolerance Test , Lactose Intolerance/diagnosis , Lactose Intolerance/epidemiology , Lactose Intolerance/genetics , Lactose Intolerance/therapy
15.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 46(3): 204-208, jul.-set. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-530059

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Whether Helicobacter pylori infection is a protective or predisposing factor for the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease remains controversial. The most virulent strains, such as those expressing the cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), and the site of gastric colonization have been correlated with the prevention or development of esophagitis. AIM: To determine the incidence of erosive esophagitis following eradication of H. pylori in patients with peptic ulcer disease and to evaluate the association of erosive esophagitis with virulent strains of H. pylori and the site of gastric colonization. METHODS: Triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin was administered to 159 patients with peptic ulcer disease. Endoscopy, histopathology, urease and carbon-14 urea breath tests were performed prior to treatment, at 3 months and 1 year following treatment. Genotyping of H. pylori strains using polymerase chain reaction was performed separately on samples from the corpus and antrum. RESULTS: One year after treatment, 148 successfully treated patients were reevaluated. Twenty-eight patients (19 percent) had erosive esophagitis, classified as Los Angeles grade A in 24 and B in 4. The samples taken from the corpus were CagA-positive in 18 patients (64 percent), while the samples taken from the antrum were CagA-positive in 21 patients (75 percent). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of erosive esophagitis in peptic ulcer patients who had their H. pylori eradicated was 19 percent. No correlation was found between the gastric site colonized by H. pylori or strains expressing CagA and the prevention or development of erosive esophagitis in patients with peptic ulcer disease, 1 year after infection eradication.


CONTEXTO: É controverso se a infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori é um fator de proteção ou de predisposição para o desenvolvimento da doença de refluxo gastroesofágico. Cepas mais virulentas tais como as que expressam a citotoxina CagA e o local no estômago de infecção pela bactéria, podem estar correlacionados com a prevenção ou desenvolvimento de esofagite. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a incidência de esofagite erosiva após a erradicação do H. pylori em pacientes com úlcera péptica e a sua associação com a virulência das cepas da bactéria e o local no estômago de seu isolamento. MÉTODOS: Um tratamento tríplice com lansoprazol, amoxicilina e claritromicina foi administrado a 159 pacientes com úlcera péptica. Endoscopia digestiva alta, exame histológico, teste rápido da urease e o teste respiratório de uréia com carbono-14 foram realizados antes, 3 meses e 1 ano após o tratamento. A genotipagem das cepas do H. pylori por meio de PCR foi realizada separadamente em amostras obtidas da mucosa do corpo e do antro gástricos. RESULTADOS: Um ano após o tratamento, 148 pacientes curados da infecção foram avaliados: 28 (19 por cento) apresentavam esofagite erosiva, 24 com grau A da classificação de Los Angeles e 4 com grau B. Nas amostras obtidas da mucosa do corpo gástrico, a citotoxina CagA foi positiva em 18 (64 por cento) pacientes com esofagite erosiva, enquanto que nas amostras obtidas do antro gástrico, a citotoxina CagA foi positiva em 21 (75 por cento). CONCLUSÕES: A incidência de esofagite erosiva em pacientes com doença péptico-ulcerosa foi de 19 por cento. Não houve correlação entre o local de isolamento no estômago ou as cepas CagA-positivas do H. pylori e a proteção ou o desenvolvimento de esofagite erosiva, em pacientes com úlcera péptica, 1 ano depois da erradicação da bactéria.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Esophagitis/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Peptic Ulcer/microbiology , Amoxicillin/therapeutic use , Clarithromycin/therapeutic use , Esophagitis/diagnosis , Gastroscopy , Genotype , Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity , Peptic Ulcer/drug therapy , Severity of Illness Index , /therapeutic use , Virulence , Young Adult
16.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-365538

ABSTRACT

A inativação de genes supressores tumorais tem sido freqüentemente observada na carcinogênese gástrica. O nosso objetivo foi estudar o envolvimento dos genes p53, APC, DCC e Rb no câncer gástrico. MÉTODO: Vinte e dois casos de câncer gástrico foram estudados por PCR-LOH (reação de polimerase em cadeia- perda de alelo heterozigoto) dos genes p53, APC, DCC e Rb; e por PCR-SSCP (reação de polimerase em cadeia- polimorfismo de conformação de cadeia única) dos exons 5-6 e exons 7-8 do gene p53, empregando 35S-dATP e expressão de p53 por imunoperoxidase com monoclonal anti-p53. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSAO: Perda de alelo heterozigoto não foi detectada nos genes estudados; deleção homozigótica foi observada no gene Rb em 23% (3/13) dos casos de câncer gástrico do tipo intestinal. Desvio de motilidade de banda nos exons 5-6 e/ou exons 7-8, indicando mutação do gene p53 foi encontrada em 18 casos (81.8%). A expressão de p53 foi positiva nas células de câncer gástrico em 14 casos (63.6%). A mucosa gástrica normal não corou com anti-p53, portanto, a reatividade imune deve representar formas mutantes. A correlação de desvio de motilidade de banda e expressão imune de p53 não foi significante (p=0.90). Não houve correlação entre as alterações genéticas e a extensão da doença. CONCLUSAO: A inativação dos genes p53 e Rb tem papel na carcinogênese gástrica no nosso meio. A perda do gene Rb observada apenas no câncer gástrico do tipo intestinal deve ser avaliada posteriormente em associação com infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori. O gene p53 estava afetado em ambos os tipos histopatológicos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Genes, Tumor Suppressor , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics , Loss of Heterozygosity , Stomach Neoplasms/genetics , Genes, APC , Genes, DCC , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
17.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 57(3): 89-92, May-June 2002.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-314469

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The clinical importance of preoperative serum levels of CA 72-4, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 19-9, and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was prospectively evaluated in 44 patients with gastric cancer. METHOD: The serum tumor marker levels were determined by commercial radioimmunoassay kits. Positivity for CA 72-4 (>4 U/mL), CEA (>5 ng/mL), CA 19-9 (>37 U/mL), and AFP (>10 ng/mL) were correlated according to the stage, histology, and lymph node metastasis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: CA 72-4 showed a higher positivity rate for gastric cancer (47.7 percent) than CEA (25 percent), CA 19-9 (25 percent), and AFP (0 percent). The combination of CA 72-4 with CEA and CA 19-9 increased the sensitivity to 61.4 percent. The positivity rates of CA 72-4 in patients at stages I and II (initial disease) and in patients at stages III and IV (advanced disease) were 9 percent and 60.6 percent, respectively (P < 0.005). No correlation was found between CEA and CA 19-9 levels and the stage of gastric cancer. There was a tendency of positivity for CA 72-4 to suggest lymph node involvement, but it was not significant (P = 0.075). Serum levels of tumor markers did not show a correlation with the histological types of gastric cancer. CONCLUSION: Preoperative serum levels of CA 72-4 provided a predictive value in indicating advanced gastric cancer


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Biomarkers, Tumor , Stomach Neoplasms , alpha-Fetoproteins , Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate , CA-19-9 Antigen , Carcinoembryonic Antigen , Chi-Square Distribution , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Staging , Preoperative Care , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity
18.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 55(5): 155-60, Sept. 2000. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-275167

ABSTRACT

Even though the seroprevalence of H. pylori may be high in the normal population, a minority develops peptic ulcer. Colonization of the gastric mucosa by more pathogenic vacA strains of H. pylori seems to be associated with enhanced gastric inflammation and duodenal ulcer. H. pylori genotyping from positive CLOtests was developed to determine the vacA genotypes and cagA status in 40 duodenal ulcer patients and for routine use. The pathogenic s1b/ m1/ cagA genotype was the most frequently occurring strain (17/42.5 per cent); only two (5 per cent) patients presented the s2/ m2 genotype, the less virulent strain. Multiple strains were also detected in 17 (42.5 per cent) patients. Multiple strains of H. pylori colonizing the human stomach have been underestimated, because genotyping has been performed from cultures of H. pylori. We concluded that genotyping of H. pylori from a positive CLOtest had the advantages of reducing the number of biopsies taken during endoscopy, eliminating the step of culturing H. pylori, and assuring the presence of H. pylori in the specimen being processed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Duodenal Ulcer/diagnosis , Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Alleles , Biopsy , Duodenal Ulcer/microbiology , Gastric Mucosa/microbiology , Genotype , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Analysis, DNA
19.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 41(1): 3-7, Jan.-Feb. 1999. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-236718

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to validate the 14C-urea breath test for use in diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Thirty H. pylori positive patients, based on histologic test and thirty H. pylori negative patients by histology and anti-H. pylori IgG entered the study. Fasting patients drank 5 uCi of 14C-urea in 20 ml of water. Breath samples were collected at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min. The difference of cpm values between the two groups was significant at all the time intervals, besides time 0 (p<0.0001). At 20 min, the test gave 100 percent sensitivity and specificity with a cut-off value of 562 cpm. Females were higher expirers than males (p=0.005). 14C-urea breath test is highly accurate for Helicobacter pylori diagnosis. It is fast, simple and should be the non-invasive test used after treating Helicobacter pylori infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis , Breath Tests/methods , Urease/analysis , Helicobacter pylori/immunology , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Sensitivity and Specificity , Duodenal Ulcer/etiology
20.
GED gastroenterol. endosc. dig ; 13(4): 175-80, out.-dez. 1994. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-172256

ABSTRACT

A grande maioria dos autores, hoje, concorda que o câncer é o resultado do acúmulo de alteraçoes adquiridas e herdadas na seqüência de DNA de oncogenes e genes supressores tumorais. A ativaçao dos oncogenes, geralmente, resulta em proliferaçao celular descontrolada, devido à exacerbaçao da funçao dos seus produtos na célula. As progressoes tumorais no cólon e estômago parecem ser reguladas por duas vias genéticas, envolvendo a ativaçao de oncogenes, c-myc e c-met, respectivamente, e de diversos genes supressores tumorais. A grande maioria dos genes supressores tumorais inativados no câncer de cólon, p53 e APC/MCC, também o sao no câncer gástrico.


Subject(s)
Colonic Neoplasms/genetics , Stomach Neoplasms/genetics , Genes, Tumor Suppressor/genetics , Oncogenes/genetics , Proto-Oncogenes/genetics
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